Addressing Wolf Habituation in Parnitha National Park: LIFE Wild Wolf Actions in Greece
The LIFE Wild Wolf project is actively addressing incidents of highly habituated wolves in the protected area of Parnitha National Park (Kryoneri–Varympompi villages), following increased reports of young wolves approaching humans in recent months.
These incidents, which gained public attention through social media and media coverage, included a case of a physical contact between a wolf and a runner in February 2026. In response, the Wolf Intervention Team of CALLISTO, in collaboration with the Management Unit of Parnitha and Schinias National Parks and Protected Areas of Saronikos Gulf under NECCA, launched targeted investigations and mitigation actions.
From Incident Investigation to Field Intervention
Genetic analysis confirmed the involvement of a wolf in the February incident, allowing experts to classify the situation as high criticality under the LIFE Wild Wolf management protocol. This triggered the implementation of specific measures, including capture, monitoring, and the use of deterrence techniques to reverse habituated behavior.
On 28 March, a one-year-old female wolf displaying strong habituation was safely immobilized, examined, fitted with a GPS collar, and released back into the wild. During release, aversive conditioning measures were applied to discourage further approaches to humans.
Monitoring and Behavioural Change
Between late March and mid-April, the intervention team conducted 18 controlled field approaches to evaluate the effectiveness of the measures. The results are encouraging:
The wolf showed clear avoidance of the intervention team in subsequent encounters
Only one additional public sighting was reported
The animal displayed more cautious behavior and kept greater distances from humans
While some level of habituation remains, both its frequency and intensity appear to have decreased significantly.
Understanding the Root Causes
Investigations indicate that the habituation likely stems from inappropriate human behavior—specifically, the intentional feeding of wolf cubs during 2025–2026. Combined with high visitor pressure in the Tatoi area of eastern Parnitha, this has contributed to reduced fear of humans among young wolves.
Awareness-raising actions targeting residents and visitors are already underway to address this issue.
Next Steps
The LIFE Wild Wolf Intervention Team will continue to:
Apply deterrence measures when necessary
Locate and manage other habituated wolves that still roam in the area
Install informative signage in key areas
Promote responsible human behavior and safe responses during wolf encounters
This case highlights the importance of proactive wildlife management and responsible human conduct in protected areas. Through coordinated action, the LIFE Wild Wolf project continues to work towards coexistence between people and wolves in Europe.
